1.Mapreduce 在通过reduce计算value之后怎么统计计算次数?
2.yarn源码分析(四)AppMaster启动
3.å¦ä½ä½¿ç¨Python为Hadoopç¼åä¸ä¸ªç®åçMapReduceç¨åº
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5.MapReduce源码解析之InputFormat
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Mapreduce 在通过reduce计算value之后怎么统计计算次数?
简单,码解不知道你看没看过Wordcount源码,码解其中的码解统计出现次数是传入一个1,通过reduce相加计算得出次数。码解我可以通过Map传入value时拼接一个1,码解在reduce中通过拆分字符串得到你要的码解mysqlphp业务系统源码原valeu和传入的1 ,分别去计算后再拼入输出就可以得到了
yarn源码分析(四)AppMaster启动
在容器分配完成之后,码解启动容器的码解代码主要在ContainerImpl.java中进行。通过状态机转换,码解container从NEW状态向其他状态转移时,码解会调用RequestResourceTransition对象。码解RequestResourceTransition负责将所需的码解资源进行本地化,或者避免资源本地化。码解若需本地化,码解还需过渡到LOCALIZING状态。码解为简化理解,此处仅关注是解套ea源码否进行资源本地化的情况。
为了将LAUNCH_CONTAINER事件加入事件处理队列,调用了sendLaunchEvent方法。该事件由ContainersLauncher负责处理。ContainersLauncher的handle方法中,使用一个ExecutorService(线程池)容器Launcher。ContainerLaunch实现了Callable接口,其call方法生成并执行launch_container脚本。以MapReduce框架为例,该脚本在hadoop.tmp.dir/application name/container name目录下生成,其主要作用是启动MRAppMaster进程,即MapReduce的ApplicationMaster。
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ãã[work] -- ::, - org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job - [main] INFO org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job - map 0% reduce 0%
ãã[work] -- ::, - org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job - [main] INFO org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job - Task Id : attempt___m__0, Status : FAILED
ããError: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Class bookCount.BookCount$BookCountMapper not found
ããat org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClass(Configuration.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.task.JobContextImpl.getMapperClass(JobContextImpl.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapTask.runNewMapper(MapTask.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapTask.run(MapTask.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.mapred.YarnChild$2.run(YarnChild.java:)
ããat java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
ããat javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.mapred.YarnChild.main(YarnChild.java:)
ããCaused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Class bookCount.BookCount$BookCountMapper not found
ããat org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClassByName(Configuration.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClass(Configuration.java:)
ãã... 8 more
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ãã-- ::, - org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job - [main] INFO org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job - map % reduce %
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ããError: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Class bookCount.BookCount$BookCountMapper not found
ããat org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClass(Configuration.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.task.JobContextImpl.getMapperClass(JobContextImpl.java:)
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ããError: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Class bookCount.BookCount$BookCountReducer not found
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ãã// :: INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: Cleaning up the staging area /tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/hduser/.staging/job__
ããException in thread "main" java.lang.NoSuchFieldError: DEFAULT_MAPREDUCE_APPLICATION_CLASSPATH
ããat org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.util.MRApps.setMRFrameworkClasspath(MRApps.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.util.MRApps.setClasspath(MRApps.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.mapred.YARNRunner.createApplicationSubmissionContext(YARNRunner.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.mapred.YARNRunner.submitJob(YARNRunner.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.submitJobInternal(JobSubmitter.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$.run(Job.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$.run(Job.java:)
ããat java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
ããat javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job.submit(Job.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job.waitForCompletion(Job.java:)
ããat com.etrans.anaSpeed.AnaActionMr.run(AnaActionMr.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner.run(ToolRunner.java:)
ããat com.etrans.anaSpeed.AnaActionMr.main(AnaActionMr.java:)
ããat sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
ããat sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
ããat sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
ããat java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:)
ããat org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:)
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MapReduce源码解析之InputFormat
导读
深入探讨MapReduce框架的核心组件——InputFormat。此组件在处理多样化数据类型时,扮演着数据格式化和分片的角色。通过设置job.setInputFormatClass(TextInputFormat.class)等操作,程序能正确处理不同文件类型。html任务源码InputFormat类作为抽象基础,定义了文件切分逻辑和RecordReader接口,用于读取分片数据。本节将解析InputFormat、InputSplit、RecordReader的结构与实现,以及如何在Map任务中应用此框架。
类图与源码解析
InputFormat类提供了两个关键抽象方法:getSplits()和createRecordReader()。getSplits()负责规划文件切分策略,定义逻辑上的分片,而RecordReader则从这些分片中读取数据。
InputSplit类承载了切分逻辑,表示了给定Mapper处理的逻辑数据块,包含所有K-V对的集合。
RecordReader类实现了数据读取流程,其子类如LineRecordReader,实时股价源码提供行数据读取功能,将输入流中的数据按行拆分,赋值为Key和Value。
具体实现与操作流程
在getSplits()方法中,FileInputFormat类负责将输入文件按照指定策略切分成多个InputSplit。
TextInputFormat类的createRecordReader()方法创建了LineRecordReader实例,用于读取文件中的每一行数据,形成K-V对。
Mapper任务执行时,通过调用RecordReader的nextKeyValue()方法,读取文件的每一行,完成数据处理。
在Map任务的run()方法中,MapContextImp类实例化了一个RecordReader,用于实现数据的迭代和处理。
总结
本文详细阐述了MapReduce框架中InputFormat的源码如何授权实现原理及其相关组件,包括类图、源码解析、具体实现与操作流程。后续文章将继续探讨MapReduce框架的其他关键组件源码解析,为开发者提供深入理解MapReduce的构建和优化方法。
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package com.aliyun.odps.mapred.example.hadoop;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
public class WordCount {
public static class TokenizerMapper
extends Mapper<Object, Text, Text, IntWritable>{
private final static IntWritable one = new IntWritable(1);
private Text word = new Text();
public void map(Object key, Text value, Context context
) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
StringTokenizer itr = new StringTokenizer(value.toString());
while (itr.hasMoreTokens()) {
word.set(itr.nextToken());
context.write(word, one);
}
}
}
public static class IntSumReducer
extends Reducer<Text,IntWritable,Text,IntWritable> {
private IntWritable result = new IntWritable();
public void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values,
Context context
) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
int sum = 0;
for (IntWritable val : values) {
sum += val.get();
}
result.set(sum);
context.write(key, result);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
Job job = Job.getInstance(conf, "word count");
job.setJarByClass(WordCount.class);
job.setMapperClass(TokenizerMapper.class);
job.setCombinerClass(IntSumReducer.class);
job.setReducerClass(IntSumReducer.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path(args[0]));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
System.exit(job.waitForCompletion(true) ? 0 : 1);
}
}
3. æµè¯æ°æ®åå¤
å建è¾å ¥è¡¨åè¾åºè¡¨
create table if not exists wc_in(line string);
create table if not exists wc_out(key string, cnt bigint);
éè¿tunnelå°æ°æ®å¯¼å ¥è¾å ¥è¡¨ä¸
å¾ å¯¼å ¥ææ¬æ件data.txtçæ°æ®å 容å¦ä¸ï¼
hello maxcompute
hello mapreduce
ä¾å¦å¯ä»¥éè¿å¦ä¸å½ä»¤å°data.txtçæ°æ®å¯¼å ¥wc_inä¸ï¼
tunnel upload data.txt wc_in;
4. åå¤å¥½è¡¨ä¸hdfsæ件路å¾çæ å°å ³ç³»é ç½®
é ç½®æ件å½å为ï¼wordcount-table-res.conf
{
"file:/foo": {
"resolver": {
"resolver": "c.TextFileResolver",
"properties": {
"text.resolver.columns.combine.enable": "true",
"text.resolver.seperator": "\t"
}
},
"tableInfos": [
{
"tblName": "wc_in",
"partSpec": { },
"label": "__default__"
}
],
"matchMode": "exact"
},
"file:/bar": {
"resolver": {
"resolver": "openmr.resolver.BinaryFileResolver",
"properties": {
"binary.resolver.input.key.class" : "org.apache.hadoop.io.Text",
"binary.resolver.input.value.class" : "org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable"
}
},
"tableInfos": [
{
"tblName": "wc_out",
"partSpec": { },
"label": "__default__"
}
],
"matchMode": "fuzzy"
}
}
通过深挖Clickhouse源码,我精通了数据去重!
数据去重的Clickhouse探索
在大数据面试中,数据去重是一个常考问题。虽然很多博主已经分享过相关知识,但本文将带您深入理解Hive引擎和Clickhouse在去重上的差异,尤其是后者如何通过MergeTree和高效的数据结构优化去重性能。Hive去重
Hive中,distinct可能导致数据倾斜,而group by则通过分布式处理提高效率。面试时,理解MapReduce的数据分区分组是关键。然而,对于大规模数据,Hive的处理速度往往无法满足需求。Clickhouse的登场
面对这个问题,Clickhouse凭借其列存储和MergeTree引擎崭露头角。MergeTree的高效体现在它的数据分区和稀疏索引,以及动态生成和合并分区的能力。Clickhouse:Yandex开源的实时分析数据库,每秒处理亿级数据
MergeTree存储结构:基于列存储,通过合并树实现高效去重
数据分区和稀疏索引
Clickhouse的分区策略和数据组织使得去重更为快速。稀疏索引通过标记大量数据区间,极大地减少了查询范围,提高性能。优化后的去重速度
测试显示,Clickhouse在去重任务上表现出惊人速度,特别是通过Bitmap机制,去重性能进一步提升。源码解析与原则
深入了解Clickhouse的底层原理,如Bitmap机制,对于优化去重至关重要,这体现了对业务实现性能影响的深度理解。总结与启示
对于数据去重,无论面试还是日常工作中,深入探究和实践是提升的关键。不断积累和学习,即使是初入职场者也能在大数据领域找到自己的位置。MapReduce源码解析之Mapper
MapReduce,大数据领域的标志性计算模型,由Google公司研发,其核心概念"Map"与"Reduce"简明易懂却威力巨大,打开了大数据时代的大门。对于许多大数据工作者来说,MapReduce是基础技能之一,而源码解析更是深入理解与实践的必要途径。 MapReduce由两部分组成:Map与Reduce。Map阶段通过映射函数将一组键值对转换成另一组键值对,而Reduce阶段则负责合并这些新的键值对。这种并行计算模型极大地提高了大数据处理的效率。 本文将聚焦于Map阶段的核心实现——Mapper。通过解析Mapper类及其子类的源码,我们可以更深入地理解MapReduce的工作机制,并在易观千帆等技术数据处理中发挥更大的效能。 Mapper类内部包含四个关键方法与一个抽象类: setup():主要为map()方法做准备,例如加载配置文件、传递参数。 cleanup():用于清理资源,如关闭文件、处理Key-Value。 map():程序的逻辑核心,对输入的文本进行处理(如分割、过滤),以键值对的形式写入context。 run():驱动Mapper执行的主方法,按照预设顺序执行setup()、map()、cleanup()。 Context抽象类扮演着重要角色,用于跟踪任务状态和数据存储,如在setup()中读取配置信息,并作为Key-Value载体。 下面是几个Mapper子类的详细解析: InverseMapper:将键值对反转,适用于不同需求的统计分析。 TokenCounterMapper:使用StringTokenizer对文本进行分割,计算特定token的数量,适用于词频统计等。 RegexMapper:对文本进行正则化处理,适用于特定格式文本的统计。 MultithreadedMapper:利用多线程执行Mapper任务,提高CPU利用率,适用于并发处理。 本文对MapReduce中Mapper及其子类的源码进行了详尽解析,旨在帮助开发者更深入地理解MapReduce的实现机制。后续将探讨更多关键类源码,以期为大数据处理提供更深入的洞察与实践指导。